Ex) Article Title, Author, Keywords
Online ISSN 2288-5978
-
About
-
Articles
For Authors
Policy
Online ISSN 2288-5978
Ex) Article Title, Author, Keywords
, Jin Shil Choi , Ji Yun Jang , Sook-Young Lee , and Chun Sung Kim The immune system is the body’s first defense system against antigens. The seaweeds, Codium fragile (CF) and Porphyra yezoensis (PY) are primarily consumed as food ingredients in Asia. In this study, the immune-enhancing effects of CF and PY were investigated. In the mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cell line, treatment with CF (0.15 mg/mL) and PY (0.15 mg/mL) alone did not induce the secretion of nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6, but the same concentration of the combination (CFPY, 0.15 mg/mL) significantly increased their expression as measured using the Griess reagent, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Western blot analysis. These effects were confirmed to be mediated through the mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathways by Western blot analysis. For the in vivo studies, mice were immunosuppressed by an intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide (CPA) and then orally administered CFPY daily for 2 weeks. The spleen size of the CPA group was significantly splenocytes were isolated from the spleen tissue, and their proliferation was analyzed. The results confirmed that the proliferation of splenocytes, which was decreased by CPA, was increased by CFPY. Furthermore, CFPY increased natural killer cell activity in splenocytes and whole blood as confirmed by a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and ELISA. These results suggest that CFPY may find use as functional food material for enhancing immunity.Key words : seaweed, immune enhancement, splenocytes, macrophages, NK activity
, Mi-Rae Shin , Min Ju Kim , Il-Ha Jeong , Jeong Eun Jo , Woo Rak Lee , and Seong-Soo Roh Far infrared-processed hemp seed (FH) has anti-oxidant properties, but its effect on alleviating acute gastritis has not been reported. This study examined the gastric protective effects of FH in a mouse model of acute gastritis induced by 150 mM HCl/60%. After dividing the mice into five groups, the treatment groups were administered the drug (sucralfate 10 mg/kg, SC; FH 100 mg/kg, FH100; and FH 200 mg/kg, FH200). Ninety minutes later, 150 mM HCl/60% ethanol was administered to all groups except the Normal group to induce acute gastritis. Macroscopic analysis showed that the FH treatment improved gastric mucosal damage and reduced the elevated serum reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Western blot analysis showed that the FH treatment suppressed ROS production by regulating NADPH oxidase protein expression. In addition, FH suppressed the inflammatory responses by reducing the expression of inflammatory proteins such as iNOS, Cox-2, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α and IL-6, induced by NF-κB activation. On the other hand, significant increases in anti-inflammatory cytokines were observed only in the FH200 group. In conclusion, FH treatment showed significant potential in protecting and promoting the recovery of gastric tissue, suggesting that FH may serve as a promising candidate for developing therapeutic agents targeting acute gastritis.Key words : far infrared-processed hemp seed, acute gastritis, HCl/ethanol, oxidative stress, inflammation
, Soyoung Park , Doye Kwon , Juyoung Park , and Hyo-Nam Song This study analyzed the index compounds and antioxidant activity of Schisandra chinensis extracts under various preprocessing conditions, including grinding, extraction solvents used, and drying methods. The extraction solvents used were water and 70% ethanol, while the drying methods included hot-air drying and freeze-drying. Control is a water extract of the S. chinensis fruit, and ED-3 is a 70% ethanol extract of grinding the S. chinensis seed. The S. chinensis extracts were analyzed based on the index compounds schizandrin, gomisin A, and gomisin N. The schizandrin content was the highest in the ED-3 at 20.86 mg/g, while the control contained 0.77 mg/g. The gomisin A content was also highest in the ED-3 at 3.29 mg/g, with the control containing 0.36 mg/g. Similarly, the gomisin N content was the highest in the ED-3 at 12.55 mg/g, compared to 0.50 mg/g in the control. In the analysis of antioxidant activity, the total polyphenol content was the highest in the ED-3 at 10.08 mg GAE/g, while the control contained 4.74 mg GAE/g. The total flavonoid content in the ED-3 was 2.06 mg QE/g, compared to 0.93 mg QE/g in the control. The total tannin content was also the highest in the ED-3 at 4.25 mg TAE/g, with the control content at 1.90 mg TAE/g. Overall, the freeze-dried and ground S. chinensis samples demonstrated superior index compounds and antioxidant activity. Additionally, the extracts obtained using 70% ethanol as the extraction solvent exhibited the best results.Key words : Schisandra chinensis, antioxidant activity, schizandrin, gomisin A, gomisin N
, Geun-Hee Cho , Da-Hyun Ko , Aram Song , Sung Phil Kim , Ok-Hwan Lee , and Sun-Il Choi Muscle atrophy caused by aging, obesity, and inflammation has become a prominent global concern, prompting increased interest in developing functional food ingredients to address this issue. This study investigated the efficacy of bioprocessed black rice bran extract, a by-product of black rice processing, on enhancing muscle strength by treating a dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy model during the differentiation of C2C12 myotubes with bioprocessed black rice bran (BRB-F-S). To evaluate the cytotoxicity of BRB-F-S, cell viability was measured using the 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulphenyl)-(2H)-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) assay. Additionally, the cytoprotective effects of BRB-F-S against dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy were quantitatively assessed via relative cell viability and myotube formation. The study results indicated that the BRB-F-S-treated group not only provided statistically significant protection against dexamethasone-induced cytotoxicity but also improved myotube formation. Furthermore, to investigate the mechanisms underlying the effects of BRB-F-S on myotube formation, an analysis of protein expression was carried out which revealed a significant increase in the levels of sirtuin 1, AMP-activated protein kinase alpha, protein kinase B, and mammalian target of rapamycin, which are proteins associated with mitochondrial biogenesis and protein synthesis, while expression levels of forkhead box class O 3a, atrogin1, and muscle RING-finger protein-1, related to protein degradation and the ubiquitin-proteasome system, were significantly reduced. These findings suggest that BRB-F-S could serve as a potential ingredient for health functional foods aimed at improving muscle atrophy.Key words : bioprocessed black rice bran extract, sarcopenia, muscle atrophy, C2C12, myotube
, Ha Young Song, Min Kyung Gu, Eun Ah Hong, Yun Jo Jung, Yeon Jae Jo, Junsoo Lee, and Heon Sang Jeong This study investigated the effects of heating temperature on the physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities of green pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) extracts. The heating temperature was set to 100∼150°C for 2 h. As the heating temperature increased, the pH of the green pumpkin extracts decreased from 7.01 to 4.26, and the browning index and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural content were 0.25 and 0.13 mg/100 g, respectively, in the control group, but the values increased to 2.79 and 89.58 mg/100 g at 150°C, respectively. The total polyphenol and flavonoid content reached the highest values of 40.05 mg GAE/100 g and 25.69 mg CE/100 g at 150°C, respectively. The 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity increased from 27.52 and 2.34 mg AAE/100 g to 265.00 and 124.85 mg AAE/100 g, respectively. The β-carotene and lutein content decreased as the heating temperature increased. From the above results, it can be concluded that heat treatment of green pumpkin at 130°C is appropriate, resulting in less browning, with increased antioxidant activity, and less β-carotene change.Key words : heating temperature, green pumpkin, physicochemical, antioxidant activities
, Tran The Bach , Sang Mi Eum , and Sung Keun Jung Plants of the Urceola genus have been used as traditional medicinal foods in Asia. The antimicrobial effects of the leaves of Urceola rosea (Hook. & Arn.) D.J.Middleton, a species within the genus, has been reported. However, the anti-inflammatory effects of Urceola polymorpha (Pierre ex Spire) D.J.Middleton & Livsh. remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate U. polymorpha (Pierre ex Spire) D.J.Middleton & Livsh. extracts (UPE) with respect to inflammation and oxidative stress in murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. UPE significantly inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and the production of nitric oxide (NO) in a dose-dependent manner in the RAW 264.7 cells. In addition, UPE significantly suppressed LPS-induced phosphorylation of p65, I kappa B, and I kappa B kinase in the RAW 264.7 cells. Using the 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate probe, we showed that UPE significantly inhibited LPS-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assays confirmed that UPE has antioxidant activity equivalent to 62.70±0.01 mg and 10.49 mg of ascorbic acid, respectively. In conclusion, UPE could have the potential to prevent inflammation by inhibiting the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway-mediated NO and ROS production.Key words : Urceola polymorpha (Pierre ex Spire) D.J.Middleton & Livsh. extracts, anti-inflammation, antioxidant, NF-κB, health functional food
, Kyung-A Hwang , Ae-Jin Choi , Mina Kim , Da-Hee Kim , and Pu Reum Im Upcycling is the process of converting discarded resources into new and higher-value products. Agri-food by-product generate substantial amounts of waste, and the development of upcycled products from them is crucial from both environmental and economic perspectives. This study aimed to verify awareness, purchase patterns, repurchase intentions, the need for a certification system and to recommend improvement related to upcycled products generated from agri-food by-product according to the interest in environmental issues. The nationwide study surveyed 1,000 adults aged 20∼69 years and found that people with a higher income, those who were more educated, and more interested in sustainable consumption, were more interested in environmental issues. Those aware of agri-food by-product upcycled products purchased upcycled plastic products and fashion items, primarily via online shopping. Respondents who were interested in environmental issues were more likely to consider environmental benefits when purchasing agri-food by-product upcycled products and were willing to pay higher prices for them. In addition, most respondents indicated the need for certification systems to address concerns about product awareness and quality and believed that such systems, managed by government-related agencies, would enhance consumer trust. Most respondents said that positive public perception is the key factor in promoting upcycled products from agri-food by-product. This study is significant because it provides an overall understanding of the production of agri-food by-product upcycled products and related policy development.Key words : upcycling products, agri-food by-products, environmental issues, consumer perception, consumer demand
and Yun-Jung Bae In this study, we investigated the association between the quality of protein intake and prediabetes in middle-aged adults using large-scale secondary data. We analyzed a sample of 3,132 Korean adults aged 50∼64 years from the 2019∼2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) and classified the participants into prediabetes and normal groups. Fasting blood glucose, hemoglobin A1c and blood lipids, as well as dietary protein intake, were compared and evaluated to determine the relationship between the quantity and quality of dietary protein intake and prediabetes. The results showed that the prevalence of obesity, defined by body mass index and waist circumference, was significantly higher in the prediabetes group than in the normal group. Notably, the rate of alcohol consumption in the prediabetes group was significantly higher among men than in the normal group. The proportion of participants with hypertension and hypercholesterolemia was also significantly higher in the prediabetes group. In men, total protein and animal protein intake were significantly lower in the prediabetes group compared to the normal group, with a higher proportion of individuals consuming less protein than the average requirement and recommended intake per kilogram of body weight. Additionally, men who consumed protein at or above the recommended intake level showed a significantly reduced risk of prediabetes, indicating a significant association between adequate protein intake and reduced prediabetes risk, particularly in middle-aged men. These findings suggest that middle-aged men in Korea should be encouraged to consume protein at or above the recommended intake level to help prevent prediabetes.Key words : prediabetes, middle-aged adults, protein intake
, Jae Jung Lee, YongGyeong Kim, Jeong-Yong Park, Byoung-Kook Kim, and Jun Ho Kim We recently reported that Lacticaseibacillus reuteri MG5463 could prevent ovariectomy-induced bone loss in female mice. In this study, we investigated the effect of L. reuteri MG5463 on the regulation of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation in RAW 264.7 cells. MG5463 treatment at 1×108 colony-forming unit/mL inhibited the formation of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive osteoclasts with a suppression of TRAP activity. Mechanistically, MG5463 significantly reduced the phosphorylation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase, protein kinase B (Akt), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) (extracellular signal-regulated kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, p-38) induced by RANKL exposure. Moreover, MG5463 down-regulated the mRNA expression of osteoclast-specific genes, including matrix metalloproteinase-9, cathepsin K, and TRAP. These inhibitory effects of MG5463 were comparable to those of 17β-estradiol at 10 nM. These findings indicate that L. reuteri MG5463 could effectively inhibit RANKL-induced macrophage osteoclastogenesis by suppressing the activation of MAPK and Akt. This study provides novel insights into the mechanism of action of L. reuteri in improving bone health.Key words : Lacticaseibacillus reuteri, probiotics, osteoclast differentiation, RAW 264.7 cells, mitogen-activated protein kinase
, Geon Oh , Ji-Hyun Im , Xiaolu Fu , Min-Hye Kim , Jin-Ho Roh , and Ok-Hwan Lee This study sought to investigate the antioxidant activity and the bioactive compound of Chamaecrista nomame (Siebold) H. Ohashi extract prepared using two extraction solvents (hot water and 40% ethanol). To establish the standardized extraction conditions (extraction solvent) for Chamaecrista nomame (Siebold) H. Ohashi extract, the total phenol content (TPC) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging ability were evaluated. We also validated an analytical method for the determination of the marker compound, luteolin by evaluating the specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantification (LOQ) of the developed high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Our results showed that the TPC and DPPH radical scavenging ability were significantly higher in the 40% ethanol extract than in the hot water extract. The extraction yield of the standardized 40% ethanol extract was 16.56%. Luteolin in 40% ethanol extract was found to be a bioactive compound. However, p-coumaric acid was not detectable. The correlation coefficient of the calibration curve for the determination of luteolin in Chamaecrista nomame (Siebold) H. Ohashi extract was 1.0000. The LOD and LOQ were 0.12 μg/mL and 0.36 μg/mL, respectively. The inter-day and intra-day precision values were 0.09∼2.50% and 0.21∼1.44%, respectively. The inter-day and intra-day accuracies were 99.57∼98.52, and 97.12∼99.11% respectively. Thus, the analytical method for the determination of luteolin in Chamaecrista nomame (Siebold) H. Ohashi extract was validated.Key words : Chamaecrista nomame (Siebold) H. Ohashi, standardization, antioxidant, luteolin, method validation
, Ji-Hyun Im , Sieun Yu , Chaebin Park , Chan Lee , Hee-Jae Suh , Ok-Hwan Lee , and Sun-Il Choi This study aimed to improve and validate the analytical method for the specification analysis of calcium oxide used as a food additive. The focus was on proposing improvements to the analytical method and verifying the same to enhance accuracy and accessibility. The Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS) Food Additives Code specifies the use of platinum crucibles for the purity analysis (alkali or magnesium), but the high cost of platinum crucibles limits the accessibility of the analysis. The results showed that, except for the nickel crucible (17.99±1.15%), both the platinum crucible (1.36±0.16%) and the quartz crucible (1.77±0.29%) met the MFDS limit of 3.6% or less. Intra-day and inter-day analyses confirmed the reproducibility of both platinum and quartz crucibles. The quantitative analysis method compared the conditions of ‘weighing after ignition’ and ‘weighing before ignition’ due to the lack of clarity on the ignition point. The calcium oxide content was 97.75±0.58% and 82.74±0.18%, respectively, confirming that the ‘weighing after ignition’ condition was appropriate for meeting the standards. Intra-day and inter-day analysis under this condition showed calcium oxide content and relative standard deviations of 97.75±0.58%, 0.06%, and 96.88±0.83%, 0.85%, respectively, demonstrating the reproducibility of the proposed improvement. These findings suggest that replacing platinum crucibles with quartz crucibles is feasible and can enhance the clarity of the assay, reducing potential confusion during the analysis process.Key words : fortifying nutrient, calcium oxide, purity analysis, quantitative analysis, platinum crucible
Jae In Jung , Hyun Sook Lee , Ryong Kim , and Eun Ji Kim
2023; 52(5): 460-472
https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2023.52.5.460
Sojeong Yoon , Seong Jun Hong , Seong Min Jo , Hyangyeon Jeong , Suengmok Cho, Yang Bong Lee, and Eui-Cheol Shin
2023; 52(4): 377-382
https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2023.52.4.377
Hee-Young Hwang , Mee-Jeoung Kim, Hye-Mi Shim, and Woo-Sik Jeong
2023; 52(5): 492-498
https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2023.52.5.492
Min-Kyu Yun , Hyun Cheol Jeong , Sung-Jin Lee , and Seunghun Lee
2023; 52(4): 357-362
https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2023.52.4.357
Jinju Park , Ki-Bae Hong , and Sung-Soo Park
2024; 53(2): 115-126
https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2024.53.2.115
Seong Min Jo , Hyangyeon Jeong , Seong Jun Hong , Sojeong Yoon , Suengmok Cho, Yang-Bong Lee, and Eui-Cheol Shin
2023; 52(3): 336-340
https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2023.52.3.336
Print ISSN 1226-3311
Online ISSN 2288-5978
© Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition. Powered by INFOrang Co., Ltd.
Full Text
PDF
Cite
Share
E-mail Alerts
Metrics
The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
