Garlic is a bulbous plant that is part of the Allium genus of vegetables, which includes onions, shallots, and leeks. Garlic (Allium sativum L.) has been used as a therapeutic agent for many diseases, such as microbial infections, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, around the world. The biological activity of garlic and its impact on health may vary depending on the content of its bioactive compounds, which can be influenced by geographical factors and the choice of cultivars. In this study, we compared the total polyphenol and total flavonoid content, 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline- 6-sulphonic acid radical scavenging activity, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity, and antimicrobial activity of three garlic cultivars (Daeseo, Hongsan, and Namdo) cultivated on Jeju Island. The results revealed differences in antioxidant and antimicrobial activity among the three garlic cultivars, with the Hongsan cultivar exhibiting the highest antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. These results suggest that the choice of garlic cultivar plays a crucial role in determining its functional properties. This research underscores the importance of the choice of garlic cultivars when utilizing garlic as a functional food ingredient and provides fundamental data for understanding the functional properties associated with different garlic cultivars.

Keywords: Allium sativum, anti-oxidant activity, garlic, total flavonoid, total polyphenol